{"id":1806,"date":"2022-06-19T18:29:55","date_gmt":"2022-06-20T00:29:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.radegunde.com\/notebook\/?p=1806"},"modified":"2022-06-26T20:16:53","modified_gmt":"2022-06-27T02:16:53","slug":"culloden","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.radegunde.com\/notebook\/uk-2022\/scotland-22\/culloden\/","title":{"rendered":"Culloden, 1 May"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

We took it easy in Inverness. Getting caught up with a week’s worth of laundry, which had to be dried on racks (not that this was strange: at home we use a line and racks), takes time. And it was good to have a break from restaurants, even though that meant some cooking. No proper M & S here or Sainsbury\u2019s, so Tescos it was. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Battlefield of Culloden<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Nonetheless, we found a few hours to visit the Culloden battlefield, where the National Trust has created an excellent exhibit, complete with 360 video and parallel poster displays giving equal time to the Jacobite and the Royalist perspectives. Visit the site here<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Culloden Battlefield: not much to see<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Culloden Day is observed, our host Donny told us, every year, on 16 April, the date of the battle. The defeat of the Jacobites marked the beginning of the end of the Highland clans as feudal military units.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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A cottage from the time of the Battle, in 1746<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

“Jacobite” means follower of James. James II of England (1633-1701) was deposed in 1688 for various reasons, not the least of which was his fervent belief in the Divine Right of Kings (an inheritable dictatorship, giving little or no power to parliament). Aided by the French, he invaded Ireland in an attempt to regain the throne; defeated, he returned to France where he lived out his days. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

His son, another James (“the Old Pretender”), and his grandson Charles (“Bonnie Prince Charlie” AKA “the Young Pretender”) lived royally in Rome. In 1715, James led one unsuccessful rebellion; 30 years later, Charles led another, which culminated in the Battle of Culloden.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Battle of Culloden lasted less than an hour. About 2000 soldiers died, almost all of them Jacobites. Charles escaped to France and then returned to Rome.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Jacobites Vs Royalists<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The history is too complicated to report more than this very simplified summary. It is still, over two and a half centuries later, a source of controversy. My take on it is that the only true impetus behind the Jacobite invasion was the ambitions of the Stuarts to regain the throne of England. It was not a matter of their listening to some mighty call from “the people” to return.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The money was provided by France, Spain, and Rome, all of whom had a political interest in limiting English power. Their supporters were mixed group of true believers, proto-nationalist Scots, anti-Hanoverians, anti-Protestants, and others. The French provided much of the military personnel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Though they never commanded more than a minority of the population in either England or Scotland, and though most historians say that it was never likely they would reclaim the throne of England, the Jacobites certainly disturbed things and came close to devolving Scotland and sundering the unification act.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For more rants about the Jacobites, see the Outtake essay on why I cannot abide Bonnie Prince Charlie.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Some reading (apart from Wikipedia):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jacqueline Riding, Jacobites: A New History of the ’45 Rebellion<\/em><\/h6>\n\n\n\n
Daniel Szechi, The Jacobites: Britain and Europe, 1688\u20131788 2nd edition<\/em><\/h6>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

We took it easy in Inverness. Getting caught up with a week’s worth of laundry, which had to be dried on racks (not that this was strange: at home we use a line and racks), takes time. And it was good to have a break from restaurants, even though that meant some cooking. No proper… Continue reading Culloden, 1 May<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[65],"tags":[56,48],"class_list":["post-1806","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-scotland-22","tag-countryside-gb","tag-history","entry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.radegunde.com\/notebook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1806","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.radegunde.com\/notebook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.radegunde.com\/notebook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.radegunde.com\/notebook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.radegunde.com\/notebook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1806"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/www.radegunde.com\/notebook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1806\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2224,"href":"https:\/\/www.radegunde.com\/notebook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1806\/revisions\/2224"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.radegunde.com\/notebook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1806"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.radegunde.com\/notebook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1806"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.radegunde.com\/notebook\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1806"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}